The top five locations for human trafficking criminal arrests by HSI were Atlanta, Georgia; Dallas, Texas; Los Angeles, California; Phoenix, Arizona; and Tampa, Florida. Law enforcement officers were unable to conduct proper investigations and interviews with individuals to obtain the necessary evidence to prosecute human trafficking cases. Other children excel, whether because school is where they feel safe or because they have been conditioned to please adults in their lives or developed resiliency and survival skills early in life. The President has determined it is in the national interest of the United States to waive the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to Cameroon and has certified that the Government of Cameroon is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Few resources have been developed to address the particularities of familial trafficking. Many survivors had to close shops or leave jobs due to lockdowns and some were pressured by former traffickers when other employment options dried up. Page 18-19: Mushfiqual Alam Representative Matt Gaetz, Republican of Florida and a close ally of former President Donald J. Trump, is being investigated by the Justice Department over whether he had a sexual relationship with. If looking for more information on survivor-informed best practices, please see NHTTACs Survivor-Informed Practice: Definition, Best Practices, and Recommendations. Likewise, law enforcement should address biases to improve identification and protection efforts for victims from marginalized communities while preventing re-traumatization. Competing Priorities and Reduced Capacity. Page 9: Picture Alliance The use of children in commercial sex is prohibited by law in the United States and most countries around the world. Following community-level engagement by UNICEF, the use ended. We know recent events have led our country to grapple with unequal treatment and racism here at home that has reverberated around the world. PKO funded counter-terrorism assistance to Cameroon helps improve its capabilities to combat Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa, which increases stability and protects civilians in the Lake Chad region. An important component of any successful anti-trafficking strategy is a well-informed public that understands the real indicators of the crime and can identify it when it happens in their own communities. When the family member or guardian is the victims trafficker, it may not be apparent that human trafficking is occurring, especially because the victim lives with or near the perpetrator. Whether the government of the country has adopted measures to prevent severe forms of trafficking in persons, such as measures to inform and educate the public, including potential victims, about the causes and consequences of severe forms of trafficking in persons, measures to establish the identity of local populations, including birth registration, citizenship, and nationality, measures to ensure that its nationals who are deployed abroad as part of a diplomatic, peacekeeping, or other similar mission do not engage in or facilitate severe forms of trafficking in persons or exploit victims of such trafficking, a transparent system for remediating or punishing such public officials as a deterrent, measures to prevent the use of forced labor or child labor in violation of international standards, effective bilateral, multilateral, or regional information sharing and cooperation arrangements with other countries, and effective policies or laws regulating foreign labor recruiters and holding them civilly and criminally liable for fraudulent recruiting. Governments and other anti-trafficking organizations are already taking action to weave anti-trafficking measures into crisis responses. Vanuatu, Aruba As the UN-recognized government of Libya, the GNA and its military leaders are critical interlocutors in these discussions. Josiane Lina Bemaka-Soui has developed the Central African Republics national anti-trafficking response from the ground up. In addition, a barrage of calls and tips related to misinformation about human trafficking online can overwhelm systems of intervention and care that have been established to respond to potential and confirmed cases of human trafficking. These campaigns typically target audiences who are much older than those exploited in familial trafficking. Fiji the extent to which the government is devoting sufficient budgetary resources to protect victims and prevent the crime from occurring. When the school closed the educational visa program after complaints were filed, it encouraged students to self-deport. Some governments expanded protective services, such as admitting live teleconference testimony in court or providing victims the option to testify remotely to avoid interacting with their traffickers. Casey Risko Collaboration between the technology industry and the anti-trafficking field should also be encouraged to promote the development of technologies designed to better support anti-trafficking missions and meet the needs of victims and survivors. Although some children may legally engage in certain forms of work, forcing or coercing children to work remains illegal. "With these important initiatives and the support of our state and national partners, we can continue taking important steps to end modern day slavery and ensure that our state is a safe haven for survivors - not . To request a hard copy of the 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report, please email TIPOutreach@state.gov and provide your mailing address. Costa Rica Burma Haley L. Sands Under this sponsorship system, migrant workers who leave their place of employment without permission from their employer forfeit their legal status and thereby increase their risk of arrest and deportation. Korea, North Julia F. Anderson The PRC initially denied all allegations, dismissing them as international interference in its domestic affairs. Throughout the COVID-19 crisis, governments faced the predicament of shifting priorities to focus on growing health and economic concerns, which drew attention and resources away from anti-trafficking efforts. 333 $2,957,240 Led by Khassanova, Sana Sezim has worked tirelessly throughout the COVID-19 pandemic to keep its shelter open for trafficking victims and to raise awareness about safe migration and human trafficking. Building the capacity of the Republic of Yemen Government to meet these goals furthers important U.S. government security interests to include enhancing homeland security, while simultaneously moving toward the goal of ending the war in Yemen. These measures will go a long way to preventing labor abuse and exploitation, especially forced labor. Iceland Neither U.S. law nor international law requires that a trafficker or victim move across a border for a human trafficking offense to take place. When victims or survivors are in a photo, identifying features have been removed or the photographer took the photo in collaboration with the individual pictured. All countries must continually increase efforts to combat trafficking. Funds typically support training and equipment sustainment, including spare parts for Nigerias C-130 fleet. broad-based law enforcement or developmental initiatives. Adrienne Sgarlato In March 2020, the government launched a rehabilitation program for Houthi-recruited child soldiers in Marib, in collaboration with NGOs and funding support from KSRelief. For example, the International Military Education and Training (IMET) program funds professional military education and training for the Afghanistan National Defense and Security Forces (ANDSF) that improves their capabilities, promotes respect for human rights, improves defense resource management, civil-military cooperation, and education on gender-based violence and womens health, and enhances interoperability for U.S.-Afghan joint operations. Significant additional work remains to eradicate this practice across Yemen. The traffickers coercive scheme is what matters, not a victims prior consent or ability to meaningfully consent thereafter. As such, vicarious trauma and the mental health needs of all consultants and staff members should also be prioritized, as opposed to singling out survivor leaders as the only individuals affected by trafficking or other sources of trauma. From there, Joriz exploited Benilda in another form of sex trafficking by forcing her to engage in commercial sex acts at local hotels. In October 2019, at least two children (under the age of 15) were recruited and used in supporting roles at a remote checkpoint in Northeast Nigeria. IMET funding for Cameroon increases the professionalization of the military through professional military education (PME) training in the United States. This has been seen through other crisis situations, such as the Darfur Genocide in 2003, the emergence of Boko Haram in Nigeria in 2009, the Philippines Typhoon Haiyan in 2013, the Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014, the emergence of the migrant crisis in Europe in 2015, and the Rohingya exodus in Burma in 2017, to name a few. Staff and relevant stakeholders should be able to observe the child from a separate room, where appropriate. A trafficker can target a victim after a victim applies for a job or migrates to earn a living. Organizations must incorporate the voices of multiple survivors into their trauma-informed practices. IMET funding supports the training and education to increase the professionalization of the military through professional military education (PME) training in the United States. Jordan Switzerland The Department of State assesses that the social and economic disruption caused by the conflict are the primary drivers for the ongoing unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers in Yemen by all parties to the conflict. Critically, this focused support would increase Yemeni capacity to counter malign Iranian activity, including the smuggling of lethal weapons that are contributing to the continuation of the conflict. The government was actively complicit in the forced labor of North Korean workers. Chad Finally, as co-chair of the Task Force mandated by the UN High-Level Committee on Management to develop a common approach to combat TIP and forced labor in supply chains, the OSCE has closely worked with the UN system to coordinate these efforts among all major IOs. Such circumstances create unique vulnerabilities. Court closures at the onset of the pandemic also delayed prosecutions, contributing significantly to judicial systems backlog of cases. Somalia According to the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), a trauma-informed lens upholds each person as an active agent of their own recovery process, the ability of individuals to recognize symptoms of trauma in others, and the integration of a do no harm approach into the creation of policies, procedures, and practices. The UAE has played a role in a major Interpol operation to tackle human trafficking around the world, leading to hundreds of arrests. In response to the risks of carrying out in-person research activities in communities that are vulnerable to both COVID-19 and trafficking, Freedom Fund drew on multisectoral best practices and guidance to create criteria for determining whether in-person research during COVID-19 can be safely conducted, as well as health and safety procedures to ensuring safe interactions. Section 1 lists the countries identified as being in violation of the standards under the CSPA in 2020. Brooke Beyer Cuba Justice Department Observes National Human Trafficking Prevention Month January 31, 2023 Press Release Williamsburg Business Owner Pleads Guilty to Money Laundering and Conspiracy Involving Labor Trafficking January 31, 2023 Press Release U.S. Attorney Thompson Invites Media to Human Trafficking Training Workshop January 30, 2023 Press Release Ukraine At first, it may not be apparent that acting on this information could have any harmful consequences. In that project, the embassy partners with the Office of the Prime Minister Gender and Child Affairs Ministry, and the Ministry of Social Development and Family Services with the objective of strengthening and expanding support services to victims of trafficking. The number of prosecutions of both state and armed group actors for human rights violations and abuses, including unlawful recruitment and use of children, is at an all-time high, as are the number of separations of children from armed groups. Page 11: Picture Alliance Burkina Faso As of April 5, no PKO funding was obligated in FY 2021. International Military Education and Training $197,433 These included women and children, people affected by travel restrictions and stay-at-home orders, communities in areas of food insecurity, and survivors of trafficking, as well as persons directly and indirectly affected by the disruption of economic activities and reduced livelihood options. Burundi The Department has highlighted the vulnerability of LGBTQI+ individuals, the trafficking risks they face, and the challenges associated with victim identification and protection around the world. Bahamas, The This report is submitted in accordance with section 405(c) and (d) of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008 (22 U.S.C. As of April 5, $3,821,000 worth of EDA equipment was transferred to Afghanistan. Heather Fisher Many COVID-19 mitigation measures, such as mask wearing, virtual engagements, and self-isolation, could re-traumatize survivors. Another serious concern is the emotional strain and trauma experienced by staff at these NGOs. Forty percent of those on the streets are LGBTQI+. Joriz began sexually abusing Benilda on camera, live-streaming it to the internet for money. They told her she could not go see her father, and that she must participate in 15 days of education because she was Muslim and an ethnic Kazakh. Moira Honohan Algeria any person under 18 years of age who has been compulsorily recruited into governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; iii. The most durable solution to the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers will be a political solution that ends the conflict. Successful counter-measures often require anti-trafficking actors to build upon existing crisis frameworks and promising practices to include anti-trafficking responses that are trauma-informed and victim-centered. The Government of Maldives incorporated questions on labor exploitation and unethical recruitment into health screenings and COVID-19 contact tracing for all foreign workers. In 2019, Congress amended the TVPA to acknowledge that governments can also act as traffickers, referring specifically to a government policy or pattern of human trafficking, trafficking in government-funded programs, forced labor in government-affiliated medical services or other sectors, sexual slavery in government camps, or the employment or recruitment of child soldiers. Additionally it will improve or develop national referral systems and strengthen trafficking-in-people data collection, analysis and reporting. Somalia The government provided Aarav and the other victims support in the aftermath of the raid. Former national security minister Gary Griffith has defended the efforts of the former People's Partnership administration to address human trafficking when he was a member of the cabinet, accusing the Prime Minister of a "blame game" over a 2022 US report that alleged that senior government officials are involved in human trafficking. Atsuki Takahashi Notably, the R-ARCSS requires the Government of South Sudan to refrain from the recruitment and/or use of child soldiers. Instead, it is often their neighbors, relatives, romantic partners, or other acquaintances who exploit them. Governments across the world diverted resources toward the pandemic, often at the expense of anti-trafficking efforts, resulting in decreased protection measures and service provision for victims, reduction of preventative efforts, and hindrances to investigations and prosecutions of traffickers. Megan Hjelle-Lantsman The U.S. National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) reported a 98.66 percent increase in online enticement reports between January and September 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, and reports to their CyberTipline doubled to 1.6 million. In India and Nepal, young girls from poor and rural areas were often expected to leave school to help support their families during the economic hardshipsome were forced into marriage in exchange for money, while others were forced to work to supplement lost income. Guillermina Cabrera Figueroa is the specialized prosecutor for human trafficking for the State of Mexico. Human trafficking rings often use instant and secure communication mechanisms to facilitate activities among members and employ GPS location applications as one way to remotely control victims. The Jordanian police counter-trafficking unit worked with UNODC to implement a coordinated COVID-19 mitigation plan to protect first responders by procuring sanitation materials, protective equipment, medical kits, and COVID-19 testing units. The 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report includes the following 11 governments with a documented policy or pattern of human trafficking, trafficking in government-funded programs, forced labor in government-affiliated medical services or other sectors, sexual slavery in government camps, or the employment or recruitment of child soldiers: Afghanistan A secure DRC is essential to attracting the foreign investment and business necessary to leverage the countrys estimated $24 trillion in mineral wealth and improve the welfare and livelihood of millions of Congolese people. Katherin paid US $1,500 to escape Venezuela and find security and opportunity in Guyana. With this years Report we celebrate the efforts of anti-trafficking professionals who continued to serve and identify victims as well as prosecute traffickers amidst the pandemics devastating effects on the worlds most vulnerable populations. Whether the government of the country, consistent with the capacity of such government, systematically monitors its efforts to satisfy the criteria described in paragraphs (1) through (8) and makes available publicly a periodic assessment of such efforts. As of April 5, PKO funding was obligated for the Somali National Army and Somali Ministry of Defense for the following activities: logistical support; stipends; advisory support; training; equipment; and program oversight. Communicate updates on the progression of these changes. A UN body also reported that the GOI provided training to security forces against child soldiering during the reporting period. Such support roles include children serving as cooks, porters, guards, messengers, medics, servants, or spies. Takiyah Golden Under the human trafficking program, the FBI investigates: Sex trafficking: When individuals are. Between 2015 and 2020, the number of states reporting to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program's Human Trafficking (UCR-HT) data collection has increased from 37 to 47. Israel A comforting environment and informal play can assist survivors in expressing their feelings of fear and distress while also supporting their resiliency. In Haiti, Niger, and Mali, gangs operating in IDP camps took advantage of reduced security and limited protection to force residents at the camp to perform commercial sex acts. Guinea-Bissau The rates can be found here: https://fiscal.treasury.gov/files/reports-statements/treasury-reporting-rates-exchange/treasury-reporting-rates-of-exchange-as-of-december-31-2020-with-amendments.xlsx, Inside Front Cover: Panos Pictures/William Daniels PRC officials then defended the facilities as necessary measures to counter terrorism, while also claiming that many of them had already been closed. 2551 (XL-O/10), Department of Public Security and Department against Transnational Organized Crime, The OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector(2017), OECD Task Force on Countering Illicit Trade, OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings (2003), Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Trafficking in Human Beings, Regional Conference on Migration Plan of Action (updated in 2009), The Liaison Officers Network to Combat Migrant Smuggling and Trafficking in Persons, SADC Strategic Plan of Action on Combating Trafficking in Persons, especially women and Children (2009-2019), Economic Community of West African States, European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation, Council of Europes Group of Experts on Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings, International Criminal Police Organization, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Intersex, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime. : sex trafficking: when individuals are after complaints were filed, it encouraged students to self-deport looking for information. 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