towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common

For instance, establishment of refinery in a locality leads to the reclamation of more coastal lands to harbor the cluster of people who come to seek for jobs. In the same vein the wheel of the bulldozers fragments the soil particles and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion. Artificial islands are an example of land reclamation. Bounded in the South by the Atlantic Ocean, the city is situated on the mainland, home to 70% of the city's population with series of islands and a peninsula that holds the remaining 30% (Ogunlesi, 2012). In some occasions, it is filled with both. residential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). Intertidal areas, which are above water lines, are more often the site for reclamation. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Physical land covers all the earth including land surface, sub-surface, under water and super surface (atmosphere). It is a strategy for protecting or restoring the function, structure and species composition of an ecosystem while providing for its sustainable socioeconomic use. Few cities in the world actively reclaim land at the rate of Hong Kong and Singapore, with the practice deeply woven into each cities' history while also playing a key role in future development. Seventy percent of our mangrove forests are gone, endangering this important ecosystem and causing many species to lose their habitats and breeding grounds. Presently buildings have been erected on the site, which are occupied by some people. early, mid and late successional species) within 15years, 510years and 1030years respectively. The impact of land reclamation on coastal environment and marine ecology is well recognized and widely studied. Along the coast, the average precipitation is about 2,000mm to 3,000mm. Irabor said: Nearly every part of the Netherlands was reclaimed from the sea. 5 Princes Gate Court, Land reclamation impact the coastal environment in several ways (Table 1). It is the result of abiotic (physical and chemical) and biotic agents of change. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. Nigeria has the largest population of any African country. The presence of mangroves along the coast stabilizes and reinforces the soil against erosion. Im a fisherman, how am I supposed to survive, the man lamented. The suggested solution to revert an already devastated area is by applying natural and human mediated ecological principles to facilitate land and coastal recovery [20]. The seedlings have been growing on the sand filled area for the past 2 years. He however, berated the sponsors of the reclamation exercise, adding that the estates they are constructing in the reclaimed areas dont accommodate the low and the middle class, adding that their motive is primarily to make money. The entry of big machinery into the swamp had added more stress to the coast by destroying many soil-dwelling and benthic organisms. The development of the Eko Atlantic City is being done in collaboration between Lagos state government and the organised private sector that is responsible for the funding of the project. The aim is to prevent the destruction of the ecosystem by human activities such as sand mining, exploration, hunting and fishing. Specifically, the mangrove root network hosts fish, shellfish, crabs, snakes, etc. London, SW7 2QJ, A study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves in Tubli Bay, off Bahrain's east coast. They include: Replacement: instead of going back to the original, which is impossible, it involves taking it to a different direction to create a replacement. A research article published by Ibidun Adelekan titled Vulnerability of Poor Urban Coastal Communities to Flooding in Lagos, Nigeria says: Metropolitan Lagos, situated on the narrow lowland coastal stretch bordering the Atlantic Ocean and originally covered with mangrove swamps, has experienced significant land cover changes as a result of past and present land reclamation activities to secure land for urban development., The article says further: In 1960, Lagos covered an area of about 200 square kilometres, but by the beginning of the twenty-first century, its contiguously built-up area was estimated at about 1,140 square kilometers, and sections of the metropolis along the coastline have high population Densities.. Every citizen of Nigeria is empowered to acquire and own immovable property anywhere in Nigeria. 2020 The Author(s). The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. Direct dumping is the process used when the sea bed is deep or when the underlying seabed is soft. Sites T1, T2 and T3 are the end, middle and mouth of the sand fill area. . This could lead to the reduction in species composition and diversity of aquatic resources. Almost every coastal area in the Niger Delta has had one abandoned project or the other, one of which is sand dump. Oil and gas exploration is the main exploratory activity that occurs in the Niger Delta region. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. It also affects soil-dwelling organisms from adverse impact on water and soil quality. Transition from mangrove to terrestrial location occurs by natural process. These activities are economically beneficial to farmers, but inimical to the environment. Moreover, mangroves forests protect coastal communities against storm surges, which have been reported to save lives. In a preliminary study conducted in the sand dredged area, soil samples were collected for physico-chemical analysis at three sites (T1, T2 and T3) from the back of the sand filled area to the entrance of the sand fill area (Figure 8). This system is usually used when the sea bed is shallow. Yes, today, man will have his way but eventually, nature will have its way later. Apart from the Island areas; other places in the mainland such as Oworonshoki (Third Mainland Bridge axis) and areas of Ikorodu have been undergoing extensive land reclamation for developmental purpose. Findings reveal that major reclamation projects in the city include, the Eko Atlantic city project, expected to accommodate 250, 000 inhabitants. Political Map of Nigeria Map based on a UN map. He cited the case of the massive flooding that ravaged Lekki, Ajah, Ikoyi and Lagos Island after a heavy rain, noting that it was the first time that Lagos lagoon would rise. The side of the sand filled area was piled up to form balkanization against the inflow of river water. A wet land can be filled with cement or can also be filled with large rocks. Another example is the replacement of invasive nipa palm forest with native mangrove forests. In the Niger Delta area many people prefer building their houses close to the river because of the serene environment, for example the land and sea breeze that flow into the area. Commenting on the economic benefits of the project in the areas where it is taking place, Bamigbetan said: The waterfront has, by the reclamation, been extended. 2002 NYS Reclamation award . Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. The dehydration of the intertidal areas cuts off dissolved oxygen and food supply to aquatic species. The damage to coastal areas is far more extensive, physically," he told the BusinessMirror in a telephone interview on June 6. It involves the creation of zones of use that include core, buffer and transition zones. Battery Park City is atop sand shipped from Staten Island. During clearing heavy machinery fell trees. Land reclamation Boskalis is a global expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land reclamation. Town of Hemptstead's Morewood Property in Nassau County, before reclamation. One of the focal points is the much touted urban development that has taken place in Eti-Osa LGA, via land reclamation exercise, especially since 1983 when the Lagos state government began to allocate the Lekki Peninsula for urban development purpose. However, experts said, the exploitation of land and dredging for construction works in Lagos, pose a great threat to the growth of the city, especially with the fast erosion of the shorelines due to higher water levels caused by climate change. It is the replacement of populations in a habitat through a regular progression over time to a stable state following a disturbance. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. It was called The Great Garuda (named after the shape of the mythical bird on Indonesia's coat of arms) and meant creating 17 artificial . The reason is to increase the land surface area for the purpose of building houses to accommodate more members of the community or establish more infrastructure. Oshodi, who was the immediate past vice chairman, Lagos branch of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners (NITP), said since the green-fields are shrinking within the city, water-bodies would continue to attract various development interests. Today, we will consider other (though not all) land and landed property laws applicable in Nigeria. It is a regular progress or change by plant and animal due to natural or anthropogenic disturbances. The general principle governing land-tenure is that land is common property of the tribe as represented by the chief of the political group. To establish road network via the river, foundations for heavy pillars are usually sunk into the bottom of the river, which destabilizes the benthic community of the river. mangrove wetlands. However, as viable as the reclamation activities are, many analysts, as well as the residents of the communities where the reclamation activities are taking place, take dim view of the activities. During exploration the coast is first dredged, cleared of vegetation and reclaimed in other to create a plat form for mounting pillars that carry oil pipelines and well heads. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. The white patch indicates the sand filled area while the green patches indicates mangrove forest that is still standing. One thing is certain; when you do reclamation like this, there are other aspects of the environment that you destroy. The inflow and out flow of fresh water will change the hydrology and the biology of the river. Morewood Property after reclamation, now a golf course. He said: Because of the necessity for land use, people end up the sand filling and tend to utter nature and in that instance create chaos or disorder in the natural balance and so we see the impact almost immediately. One, two, three, four, five, 42, 43 and 44 long years later, the Land Use Decree of 1978, promulgated by the military regime of General Olusegun Obasanjo, now retired, remains the governing law on land use in Nigeria. Experimental design of recruitment experiment in a sand dredged mangrove forest at Eagle Island in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. 86 of 1992, which guides such projects. Reclamation is carried out by both government and private developers. Exploratory activities bring about the reclamation of coastal lands for the purpose of laying pipelines. Deposited sand is usually evacuated by trucks to buyers. When mangroves are removed via landscape reclamation, coastal areas lose the ability to slow down run off, filter pollutants, and retain soil. Together the system of management is called ecosystem management, which is a way of managing reserve to benefit biodiversity and people. From the sea Lagos rose, from humble port city to economic and political powerhouse and sprawling home to around 22. The renowned environmentalist said this is because reclamation is always of wetland and nature has provided the wetlands as a buffer between the ocean and the land areas to serve as a spring from which land-based effluent could be trapped from hitting on the ocean or the Lagoon. Increased turbidity leads to the blockage of light beyond water surface, thus hampering photosynthetic activities below the water surface such as the benthic region. Sand spreading is when a spreader is mounted on a small floating barge; so sand is discharged alongside with water through perforations in the pipe. Source: UN Cartographic Section : Cities and Towns in Nigeria The map shows the location of following Nigerian Cities and Towns: Nigeria's largest cities (population figures are estimated): Lagos (21 million), Kano (2.5 - 3 million), Ibadan (3.2 million), Abuja Other Cities and Towns in Nigeria: The second example is another site known as Borikiri in the outskirts of Port Harcourt, the capital city of Rivers State. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. The soil chemistry is also affected by the manures and fertilizers that come from the farm and the waste from fish ponds. But a land or coastal area that has been plundered and polluted may loss its economic value [2]. sea-side resort, roads, houses, light poles and shopping malls. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. It is also designed in such a way that it will accommodate massive commercial and residential purposes. A conceptualized reclamation pattern in coastal communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Here in Nigeria, the trend of reclamation of land is very common in Lagos, the nation's commercial capital, a coastal city that is located in the South West of Nigeria. Of big machinery into the swamp had added more stress to the environment that destroy... That come from the farm and the biology of the tribe as represented by the and. Regular progression over time to a stable state following a disturbance diversity of resources! Save lives side of the Netherlands was reclaimed from the sea Lagos rose, from humble port city economic! 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